Locomotive



April 6, 93 A. GIESL-GIESLINGEN LOCOMOTIVE Filed April 4; 1933 INVENTO'Pc- Patented Apr. 16, 1935 '5 i t i 1,993,007 I t LoooMo'rIvE Adolf G ieslaGieslingen, New York, N. Y. Application April 4, 1933, Serial No. 664,307 g 7 t I 8 Claims. (01.230-96) My invention relates to steam locomotives at all other joints that may be situated'within wherein the draft required for the fire is created said smok'ebox'. I by an exhaust steam jet, and more particularly To these ends I form the exhaust nozzle and to the so-called' exhaust nozzle from whichsaid the steam passagesin such a way as to create at. steam jet is ejected into the smokestack. the Various joints a static steam pressure which 5 The exhaust nozzle serves the purpose of disis equal or lower than the static pressure in the charging the draft-creating steam in form of a srnokebox i t I t jet of proper size, direction and velocity, and it Another object of my invention is to so shape usually consists of a casting secured to the end such exhaust nozzles that they securely and 10 of the exhaust pipe such, a way 1 that-it-is symmetrically direct the steamfiow. 10 readily removable for renewal and correction. In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a longit dinal central Itis general practice to provide passages of relasection of a conventional locomotive smokebox, tively large cross-section through'which the steam showing the simplest form of my invention. Fig. is'being conducted to the exhaust nozzle,'=while 2 is an enlarged section through'an' exhaust said exhaust nozzle converges toward its outlet, nozzle similar to that shown in Fig. 1, butfitted 15 terminating j in that relatively narrow opening with a special design of bushingat the outlet. which is commonly required to impart to the steam Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through a sufticientvelocity for creating proper draft. Thus, special form of my exhaust'nozzle in preferred established practicefplaces upon the exhaust; combination with a locomotive, and Fig. 4 is anozzle also'the function of contracting and ac-{ diagrammatical section through'the central axis 20 celeratingithe steam flow. The steam passages" of the exhaust nozzle shown inFig, 3. are often 'somewhat contracted near the'inlet of Referring to Fig.1: The sr'n'okebox l into which the exhaust nozzle, but ultimate contraction'is the gases enter in the direction of the arrow A, always efiected in the exhaust 'nozzle proper, the stack 2 and the exhaust standpipe 3 corre- Therefore, considerable static pressure is being spond to established practice, except that the 25 built up'in the steam current at thejunction be said standpipe converges" more than usual and tween the exhaust nozzle and the passagespre culminates in the threat 4 of the diameter d, ceding said nozzle, with the result-that it is difiiwhich throat is preferably accurately machined cult-to keep a tight joint at said junction. Any along the inner surface 5. The exhaust nozzle leakage has the well-known detrimental effect 6, machined'to correctly fit at its lower end to .30 uponthe, vacuum in the smokebox and conse-' the throat 4, diverges upwardly in the form of quently uponthe steaming capacity of the loco-o an inverted cone having its maximum diameter motive boiler.v The said joint invisibleinside D at the nozzle outlet. I the smokebox, and difficult to inspect on account th am correctly des ned, ofthe various screens usually surrounding it, and the c ma Stat and vdymmllc Pressure 9 it cannot be tested for tightness except by filling the x u P P i of discharge from the engine cylinders and exhaust passages with g i w n lig l not gi the -9 water which is a very inconvenient procedure. cm pressure q 9 per square 0n the other hand, the joint cannot be permaand further exhaust-'passages and exhaust nently' sealed because the exhaust nozzle must be zle are so Shaped an orderly flow 4o removable for re lacement due to wear etc of steam that does not separate from the diverg-t I t p t f e enfion at ing walls of the nozzle outlet, then in that case, I 15 m 0 0 g 1 v e e the exhaust steam at the point of discharge will exhaust nozzle Q S mh t 'Y anyi expandto the pressure in the smokebox and its, leakage of steam atthe poin WPQ Q sald W speed and kinetic energy will be governed by the e the 93- 5 z e a size of the exhaust nozzle opening at said point y a loose Joint betwe n he 'BXhEIISUIOZZIB a of discharge, that is by the diameter D in Fig. l; th adjoining steam passage j while the preceding contraction of nozzle and Another object' of myinvention is to avoid steam passages will have no influence upon the 5 leakage of exhaust steam into the"smokebox also kinetic energy of the discharged exhaust steam, 5

nor upon the back pressure encountered by the locomotive engine. Furthermore, at all points where the passage is narrower than the outlet of the exhaust nozzle; the static pressure in the exhaust steam will be lower than the static pres sure in the smokeboxrTherefore, no steam will escape through any opening in the steam-conducting walls and, if the joint between the exhaust nozzle 6 and. the standpipe 3 is not tight, smokebox gas will enter the exhaust nozzle as indicated by the arrow 1 and will be entrained by the steam and properly ejected through the Smokestack without loss to draft efliciency.

In order to secure perfect filling by the exhaust steam of the exhaust nozzle 6, the same must diverge very gently, preferably by less than one unitof' diameter in 5.5 units of length; or in other words, the quotient should be more than 5.5. V

If the exhaust nozzle were of 'con section throughout, the pressures on the inside and outside of the joint would be the samefithia mode of construction is less desirable, however,

since it should be easy to change the. efiective" drical outlet I machined to givejthe desired opening D. Obviously, with the given angularity of the conical inner suriace of said bushing 9;,

a la st sir e h ipm x aridia sm st Opening- Dmin maybe provided. For the samereasons as previously given, no steam can leak out the, upper end I of which is adapted-to receive throughjthe seat of bushing 9 on thenozzle-fil lnil fig. 3 the ezhaust nozzle 2 rests directly upon the cylindersaddle ll without any stand} pipe.such asiin l ig l beingiinterposed. Froml I A the cylinders I9 o f w hich only one, is illustrated, the exhaust steam passes through the, stearnchest 8 and from there into the exhaus t,p s, es 13; Said exhaust passages I 3- unite; at M; in the usual manner, and terminate in; a converging passage the exhaust nozzle 12, According to rny inyen tion, the diameterd' of the saidpassage 5 at the junction with the exhaust nozzle is smaller than the diameter D oi the 1 nozzle outlet and" therefore the said junction possesses the characteristics described in connection with Fi g l. In

this embodiment of my inventiom howeyer, exhaust nozzle is not-wholly divergent but first continues to converge until a minimum diameter (or cross section} d is rea ched, and thendiverges upwardly. This feature is of no effectgupon the pressures and velocities the steam fiowateither the joint or the discharge. opening, but it serves the purposev of more securely directingthe'steam jet coaxially with the exhaust nozzl'ej i This is due to the fact that the st'eamje't s'eelfsjto retain. the direction imposed upon it in the region of; highest sp'eed'and therefore'l prefer to hhpefti 3 said highest spe'ed'vvithi'nthe exhaust, nozzlf since thesarne' can be accurately"machined witli more convenience than the "exhau t. passage;

construction of exhaust nozzle' islparticularlyl.

desirable if instead of the eohveh stack I 8' seated on the'smoliebox I thecoiistruce I stant cross' tion claimed in my copending application Serial No. 655,161 is used.

In order to force the exhaust steam to follow the nozzle walls, the converging and diverging parts should not be too sharply conical and analogous to the explanations given with Fig. 1,

' smaller in cross-section than the opening D of theexhaust nozzle, neither of the joints will permit any leakage of exhaust steam into the smoke- Whilethe above descriptions, for the sake of simplicity, 'ifi'ef'rrd' to exhaust nozzles of unobstructe'd circular cross-section, my principles are naturally independent of the cross-sectional shape which iiia'y'be rectangularofof any suitableforzilla which may also'ch'a' 'ge its gee metricalfrorm itithefcourse or the steam new.

It will be se'ehifr'orh the drawing, and pa'r't'idu larly fror'n'Fi gl 3: that I prefer to forrn'thestea conducting passagesjih uch a" way that'the steam new does not encou ter anisuddeniahd abrupt changes in." crosssectioh after the passages 13'" 1ead'ing"rr'om'thesteaih che'sts unit'e'at T4. This isnot ehe'w principle but it is not ge rally recog Iiized'and inv fact it" is sometimes proposed to agi tate' the steam byf Ineaiis'dffsiiddeii changesjin' cros's fsctionfand'loil cites-sectional area, the belief that'jthe' ei'itr'aini g effector tliehsteanimean sectioii' occur at the joints where I seek to p'rfeg vfeh leakage ac cording 'to myf invention: If, for" examp e, the, see [5 of the steai'n pasage were" of larger em rer" than the outlet Dfo'ftlieeii ha'ust" za e, then'," the static "steam pressure at t e int might ibe higher than'the pressure iii the s'niok'eboig' andste'aifi might tend. to" leak out inispit'e or efee'p that theihietioff the exhau t nozzle is of s allerdiamterf as shdw'ril. V Thesa'rne' mayb'the case iffthe properly contracted nclg' [5' would exhaust; i'rito e' passage, offcoiisiderablyi larger'finlet ,ara such as"- ill 'atedin Fig. I of U131 Patent No. 664" 2'981" erefore, at the ehef tion of two steam-conducting parts; I'prefe'r" to'f mareee; t e enjoining cross s'ectional" areas or said partssmaller thantliec the-=-e 'hehsenez21e eeu ah further refer w give said acljoinirzrg parts iizlentioal cross-sections attheir-junction.

11 two or niore exhust nozzles arebeing' used inaa' sin'g'le'.sm'okebox; the-:said* nozzlesshouldhave the same. characteristics as the: single nozzles hereinbeforeidescribed: Imorder to' prevent leakge ofisteam in" the spirit-0t my invention, Imake' the cross-sectional area of any steam passage at thejunotionof two adjoining parts smaller than hees jesetee ea p e ee nst pe n s ving their steam supply from, said junction.

Ihe highsteam veloditiesoecurring'inl all-1 cross sectiohs w iifclifar'lsniallr' than rheiexhatsthezzle outlet, naturally are accompanied by high frictional resistance unless the path is straight and the walls smooth. Therefore I confine such small cross-sections to such parts of the exhaust steam line where they serve a distinct purpose as de scribed.

Having thus described my invention and some preferred examples of practical embodiments, I claim:

' 1. In a locomotive using exhaust steam for creating draft, an exhaust nozzle having at its outlet a larger cross-sectional area than at its inlet and having circumferential Walls diverging toward its outlet at a rate of one unitincrease in diameter in 5.5 or more units of length.

2. In a locomotive using exhaust steam for creating draft, the combination with an exhaust nozzle, of a steam-conducting member discharging steam into said exhaust nozzle, characterized by the fact thatboth the discharge end of said steam-conducting member and the inlet of the said exhaust nozzle offer to the steam flowa smaller cross-sectional area than the outlet of the said exhaust nozzle.

3. Thecombination claimed in claim 2, characterized thereby that the discharge end of the said steam-conducting member and the inlet of the said exhaust nozzle offer to the steam flow cross-sections .of substantially identical shape and size.

4. The combination claimed in claim 2, characterized thereby that'the said exhaust nozzle has a minimum cross-section orthroat between its inlet and outlet. V

5. In a locomotive using exhaust steam for creating draft, the combination with-an exhaust nozzle having at its outlet a larger cross-sectional area than at its inlet and having a minimum cross-section or throat therebetween, of a steamconducting member discharging steam into said exhaust nozzle, the discharge end of the said steam-conducting member and the inlet of the said exhaust nozzle offering to the steam flow cross-sections of substantially identical shape and size.

6. The combination claimed in claim 5, characterized thereby that both the outwardly and the inwardly diverging parts of the said exhaust nozzle are formed by circumferential walls diverging at a rate of one unit increase in diameter in 5.5 or more units of length.

'7. In a locomotive using exhaust steam for creating draft, the combination with a smokebox and a draft appliance comprising at least one exhaust nozzleoutlet, of valve chests and exhaust passages cast integrally with a smokeboxsupporting saddle, said exhaust passages uniting into a single exhaust passage before entering the said smokebox and discharging the exhaust steam into an adjoining steam-conducting member,

characterized by the fact that both the discharge acterized thereby that the discharge end of the said single exhaust passage and the inlet of the said adjoining steam-carrying member offer to the steam flow cross-sections of substantially identical shape and size.

AD L GIESL-GIESLINGEN. 

